I get it that you don't really care for polemics and tomes, but since we seem to have reopened a dialog, I want to make something clear. If you don't care to read all this, perhaps you'll circle back around to it and read it another time. I'll try to be clear and as brief as I can.
- Avoid the taking of life. This is at its most basic level a proscription against murder, but in deeper terms it means a reverence for all life, and the avoiding of unnecessary destruction of life of any kind, and a prescription to love the Earth and living things, and to protect them.
- Avoid the taking of that which is not given. This has deeper levels too… unnecessary ownership of resources others need is seen as causing harm.
- Avoid falsity of word and deed, and use of words to cause harm. Again, this contains deeper levels. Not only not to lie, but not to use language to manipulate, or to gossip about people to their detriment; or to conduct oneself so as to cause deception or to take advantage. This is a prescription for basic honesty, and minding of one's own business.
- Avoid sexual conduct which causes harm. Room for interpretation here, but the main thing is to recognize that sex and sexual behavior are dangerous if great care is not given to ensure that others are not hurt by your actions.
- Avoid intoxicants, which cloud the mind and cause heedlessness. On its face, this is simple; but it can also apply to avoiding toxic thought and foods, as they work in the same way as drugs and alcohol to poison the mind and heart.
Metta (Pali; Sanskrit, Maitri): caring, lovingkindness. Toward all you meet or reflect upon, your heart feels caring and lovingkindness.
Karuna: compassion. This is the sympathetic pain upon encountering the suffering of others (or of oneself; karuna begins with oneself). This quality enables us to develop empathy and to take action to benefit others.
Mudita: sympathetic joy, the happiness of seeing happiness in others. This also enables us to develop the inner wherewithal to make sure our actions benefit others.
Uppekha (Upeksa): equanimity; the ability to accept others, as they are; and reality, as it is. Tricky sometimes, for it involves the phenomenon of karma, which is nothing more than "actions have consequences" (including failures to act). You are not responsible, and cannot possibly be responsible, for the existence of suffering of others or the condition of the world. You do what you can (right effort, right mindfulness, the other sublime conditions), but you don't allow them to overwhelm and destroy you. Another way to think of this is "letting go." Equanimity is also the transformation of the deluded mind that sees others as either attractive, unattractive, or indifferent, and learns to cherish all living beings without exception or distinction.